![]() Nonmetric multidimensional scaling (NMS) ordination showed a very distinct separation between the most intensive management treatment (13-cm diameter-limit treatment) and the uncut control. We quantified ground layer vegetation response before and after the most recent harvest. Harvests have been implemented every ten years with the most recent harvest occurring during the winter of 2008 - 2009. Within each treatment, a 0.4-ha permanent plot was established and subdivided into 0.04-ha square subplots. Eight different treatments were installed, including four diameter-limit treatments (56 cm, 41 cm, 30 cm, and 13 cm), three single-tree selection treatments with residual basal areas of 21 m2 Northern Hardwood Forests Uneven-Aged Management NMS Ordination Understory Diversity Diameter-Limit Single-Tree SelectionĪBSTRACT: In 1958, a demonstrational cutting trial totaling 22.2 ha was established in a northern hardwood forest in Alberta, MI. Herbaceous-Layer Community Dynamics along a Harvest-Intensity Gradient after 50 Years of Consistent ManagementĪUTHORS: Marcella A. ![]() Multivariate analysis of ecological data.
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